Drupal code is hosted in a CVS repository (see http://drupal.org/repos). To access it open the "CVS Repository exploring perspective" and select "New repository location" . The host is cvs.drupal.org the directory is /cvs/drupal. Use anonymous as a user and password

All the contributions are in the /cvs/drupal-contrib repository; access information is the same. Again you can check out each directory like a specific version of a module or the Dupal core.